Tcstv1 and Tcstv3 elongate telomeres of mouse ES cells.

Discussion of the 2009 Noble Prize in Medicine, focusing on substances that reduce telomere shortening by activating the human telomerase enzyme

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Tcstv1 and Tcstv3 elongate telomeres of mouse ES cells.

Post Number:#1  Post by ofonorow » Thu Jan 28, 2016 7:22 am

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26816107

Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 27;6:19852. doi: 10.1038/srep19852.
Tcstv1 and Tcstv3 elongate telomeres of mouse ES cells.
Zhang Q1, Dan J1, Wang H1, Guo R1, Mao J1, Fu H1, Wei X2, Liu L1.
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Abstract

Mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) cultures exhibit a heterogeneous mixture of metastable cells sporadically entering the 2-cell (2C)-embryo-like state, critical for ESC potency. One of 2-cell genes, Zscan4, has been shown to be responsible for telomere maintenance, genomic stability and pluripotency of mouse ESCs. Functions of other 2C-genes in ESCs remain elusive. Here we show that 2C-genes Tcstv1 and Tcstv3 play a role in regulation of telomere lengths. Overexpression or knockdown Tcstv1 and Tcstv3 does not immediately affect proliferation, pluripotency and differentiation in vitro of ESCs. However, ectopic expression of Tcstv1 or Tcstv3 results in telomere elongation, whereas Tcstv1/3 knockdown shortens telomeres of ESCs. Overexpression of Tcstv1 or Tcstv3 does not alter telomere stability. Furthermore, Tcstv1 can increase Zscan4 protein levels and telomere recombination by telomere sister chromatid exchange (T-SCE). Depletion of Tcstv1/3 reduces Zscan4 protein levels. Together, Tcstv1 and Tcstv3 are involved in telomere maintenance that is required for long-term self-renewal of mouse ESCs. Our data also suggests that Tcstv1/3 may co-operate and stabilize Zscan4 protein but the molecular bases remain to be determined.
Owen R. Fonorow
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